In the IND227 trial, more pronounced benefits of the immunotherapy were observed in patients with non-epithelioid histology and regardless of PD-L1 status 

Clinically meaningful improvements over standard care were observed in both first and second line, as reported in the MARIPOSA and MARIPOSA-2 phase III trials 

Alectinib is the first ALK inhibitor to significantly improve DFS in a phase III trial across disease stages

Results from the LIBRETTO-431 trial reinforce the use of selpercatinib as the first-line choice and are likely to widen patient access to treatment

The bispecific EGFR/MET-directed monoclonal antibody looks set to become the standard of care in this setting, but toxicity has to be managed carefully

CheckMate 77T demonstrates significantly improved event-free survival with neoadjuvant nivolumab plus chemotherapy followed by adjuvant nivolumab compared with chemotherapy and adjuvant placebo

Results from studies presented at the ESMO Congress 2023 (Madrid, 20–24 October) outline different strategies involving indirect immune modulation and direct enhanced tumour cytotoxicity to improve on chemotherapy as the current standard of second-line care after ICI progression

The SAPPHIRE trial failed to meet its primary endpoint compared with chemotherapy

Promising data from the ATTLAS phase III study indicate a potential new approach for treating patients progressing on TKIs 

Results from the TRACERx study suggest a potential role of CHIP as a prognostic biomarker, but further research is needed